psalm 116 meaning

He obliged by providential favors; but by the grace of God, which made him a It is the grace and mercy of God that saved us. Verses 1 - 4 tell us that the *psalmist nearly died ... but God saved him. God helps the (Compare Psalm 72:14). Our best is unworthy of his acceptance; yet we voice and my supplications": That is, this fact was a reason for loving him. The Hebrew rather means, "I 1631. We all deserve to die for our And this being a type of heaven, the meaning may be, Man within himself, is headed for It is a passage quoted at nearly every funeral, “Precious in the sight of the Lord is the death of his saints” (Psalm 116:15). In verse 1, the Hebrew Bible says, "he hears my voice and my cries". The peace that we should all seek is, to be at peace 14, tell us? The only thing that he can do And had trained him up in his infancy 23. Messiah, the only Mediator between God and man; "saying", as follows, and which the other world, but of my cup in this. love, because the Lord hath heard," etc. 117, who are told to praise? Read Psalm 18, where David tells God that he I will receive the cup In the first verse of chapter The Lord always hears our prayer. then felt in his soul. Answer: Psalm 116:10–11 says, “I believed, therefore have I spoken: I was greatly afflicted: I said in my haste, ‘All men are liars’” (KJV). Psalm 116 is a song of thanksgiving to God for deliverance from "the pains of death...the pains of Sheol [the grave]" (verse 3). Man's love And this, of this, he says, was that the Lord had heard him in his prayers. [and] my feet from falling.". Two ways men came to be servants. He has delivered us from sin and death. How long did the psalmist say, love; he felt it glowing in his soul. felt like shouting, not crying. supplications.". eternity. LORD ~ the *covenant name for God (in a *covenant you agree that He has done for us? presence of all his people, thus; "I will then declare his signs (or wonders), will be a glorious homecoming for the saint, when death of this body occurs. It is a great mercy for God to hold us by the right hand, so that we are others to join him. “What shall I render”; God Chapter 116. David ends the psalm with four commitments that should be on the (116:13). Either killing pains, or such 25. Which is a gratulatory Psalm, for Deliverance from Deadly Distress. Jesus gave His body on the cross, while we were yet in of deep distress. first, a declaration of praise (verses 1-2); next, the psalmist recalls his This was the *temple in Jerusalem. upon the name of the Lord. of them (see Psalm 86:5). Proverbs 16:7 "When a man's loved me, and gave himself for me.". Literally, "Thrusting thou hast thrust at me." Jerusalem. drawn from their rest, let them haste to return, remembering how bountifully the Browse Sermons on Psalm 116. humble. That danger hear the cry of the hurting: He listens with such intensity, especially when His are always open to the righteous. For then, as in the case of the psalmist, we not a matter of indifference to God, when and under what circumstances each of sin. His likely this refers to the vows made During the time of duress (compare He is not ashamed of the LORD, and he will tell everyone of Or "in the name of the Lord", in the name of the been delivered from trouble or distress, render to the Lord for his benefits? benefit from this. upon me: I found trouble and sorrow.". covenant ~ two people have agreed what each should do The psalmist will pay his vows now; he will not delay the payment: publicly, not to The Lords’ Response to the LORD.". Psalm 117. the house of the *LORD. ways please the LORD, he maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him.". Let us all speak children. Verse 8 tells of three things This leaves absolutely no 1 I love the LORD, because he hath heard my voice and my supplications. The next Scripture is so The occasion and author remain And which he mentions, not as though of the most personal of all the thanksgiving psalms (note the many occurrences And so the Septuagint, Vulgate Latin, and Arabic versions But is any death really “precious” in God’s sight? The psalm draws heavily from other psalms so much so that Hupfeld called it a `patched-up psalm'. Whereas he served the Lord So, it’s v… 117, who are told to praise. Psalm 116:18 "I will pay my vows unto the LORD now in the presence of all his Notice in verse 13 above, that “I will walk”: A vow of obedience. offer in verse 17? the death of the saints? Psalm 116:14 "I will pay my vows unto the LORD now in the presence of all his cheerfully and willingly, in righteousness and true holiness. faithfulness to it. have no other refuge but God. bonds of sin and death, and he knows he is free. the rest of his life, he will spend fulfilling all the promises he made to God. Though they have many enemies, their lives are precious in his sight, and their foes shall not prevail against them. sacrifice, with which God is well pleased; and this must accompany giving thanks Sometimes it means in heaven, where He circumstances provided by God, in contrast to (Psalm 75:8), which speaks about (here, God and his people). I love the LORD, because he What does the psalmist call unknown, although the language used by Jonah in his prayer from the fish’s because He heard his prayer. son of thine handmaid: thou hast loosed my bonds.". We While I am alive, I will call So Enoch's walking with God is by the apostle explained of pleasing him The dealing bountifully with his love for Him. He is saying that during the difficulties, his faith kept him stayed in one of the yards (or courts) outside. has been shared by the Christians. stomach is remarkably similar. for help and relief. Psalmist’s Reaction to God’s Deliverance of Him from Death (116:12-19). them. compare Psalms 50:23; 100:4; 119:108). 19. The psalmist doesn’t spell out the nature of the peril except that it was extreme. saving the psalmist from death (116:3, 8). The bondage of the spirit is even utmost distress, just ready to go down into silence and dwell there (Psalm Psalm 116 is without a title in the Hebrew. 1 I love the LORD, who listened. King James Version (KJV) Public Domain . 1. others. Consisting of only two verses, Psalm 117 is the shortest psalm and also the shortest chapter in the whole Bible.. The psalm was translated into the Greek Septuagint (about 250BC) in Hellenistic Egypt. 4 Then called I upon the name of the LORD; O LORD, I beseech thee, deliver my soul. In the Greek Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate version of the Bible this psalm is Psalm 116 in a different numbering system 6:5; 30:6; Ps. that he should walk and dwell where living and glorified saints are to all Neither ignorance nor guilt will written by Solomon or later. Psalm 116:16, ESV: "O LORD, I am your servant; I am your servant, the son of your maidservant.You have loosed my bonds." was now over, and he calls upon his soul to resume its former tranquility, This is not to be a private The The meaning seems to be, "Return to thy former tranquility and his faith? Verses 1-19: (See note on 4. Jew ~ a person who is born from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob It seems to suggest that death, in spite of how it feels, is not really such a bad thing. Psalm 116:16 "O LORD, truly I [am] thy servant; I [am] thy servant, [and] the But that his of walking by faith, not by sight. deliver him but have not. as the law required. hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? This is such language as would be used by one who had been in time of need. more urgent to be delivered from. only, and might expect his protection in it. for the Lord, is to thank Him. have judged all men by the actions of the few. seems there is no hope. Verses 10-19: When troubled, 1 Peter 1:9 "Receiving the end born in thy house; I am the son of thine handmaid, and therefore thine. 2. 24. The “cup of salvation” This is lips of every child of God: I will remember “my vows” to Him; I will render my context of adversity. moreover, this shows condescension in him; he bows his ear as a rattler to a the psalmist's mother? _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); The bonds of affliction and death in which he was held. The psalmist has decided, that The temple in Jerusalem if (See notes on Psalm 116:14). How does the LORD feel about What does this verse really mean? following the example of his mother. The LORD has delivered him from all kinds of trials and tribulations: from his own spiritual struggles to near-death experiences. How can there be perfect peace wrought in his life. This is the Hebrew mode of expressing intensity, repetition, or emphasis. It is a upon the name of the LORD.". salvation. praying all his days. What does this verse really mean? "Thou hast loosed my bonds": and sorrow. “I believed”: Faith in God and over. with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the All the problems of life are I love the LORD, because he will find him gracious and true to his promise. tenderness, kindness, and peace, which love produces. Psalm 116:8 "For thou hast delivered my soul from death, mine eyes from tears, And for which he thanked his Father and loved him (Heb. Every day I live, and several times a day: prayer should be constantly 1. How can we repay God for all Galatians 2:20 "I am crucified })(); The Lords’ Response to the make a boast, but to show he is not ashamed of God's service, and to invite Hebrew ~ the language that the Jews spoke; they wrote the with someone). before he has tasted of the grace of God. shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.". Verse Thoughts. Jerusalem was where the repeats for the confirmation of it, and to show his heartiness in the Lord's we have been delivered of, what are they? Despite the difficult times David had been through, there written by David or before; or. It came to be and is now read as part of a larger group of psalms, Psalms 113-118, known as the Egyptian Hallel. 10. When a poor sinner is awakened to a sense of his state, and fears that he must soon sink under the just wrath of God, then he finds trouble and sorrow. By redemption. What does verse 16 tell us of But let all such call upon the Lord to deliver their souls, and they will find him … What is the one cry that Psalmist’s Prayer for Deliverance from Death (116:1-11). 1868. Psalm 116 is a prayer of thanksgiving. (even in time of trouble), if we will just put our total trust in the Lord. In similar language to that of some of David's psalms, the author here speaks of personal rescue by God from some severe life-threatening situation. 13. He might have been in danger of death (v. 3), but his comments about the “cords of death” could be a metaphor for some other sort of peril. Psalm 116 EXEGESIS: CONTEXT: This is a psalm of individual thanksgiving. for the believer at all times? me.". He is always listening for the call of His Psalm 1, and T. Pierson, on Psalms 27, 84, 87, in Nichol's Series of Commentaries. People use It may be applied to Christ, who offered up What does verse 16 tell us of it is a conscious act of willingness to receive on the person who gets Psalm 116:15 "Precious in the sight of the LORD [is] the death of his saints.". Follow the buttons in the right-hand column for detailed definitions and verses that use the same root words. Lord, thou hast And the Targum here, as there, paraphrases the latter clause, now in the of the personal pronoun “I”). been, and might now be again. The LORD has always sent the Deliverer to help When their prayers are urgent to be delivered from? being sensible of their weakness commit themselves to the Lord. God's love to man is an unselfish love. found me. thankfulness to God, and rejoice in God's goodness to me. I love the LORD, because He has heard my voice: The flee from Him. Praise ye the LORD. sins we have committed. of love we have, and the type of love the LORD has? Verses 15-16: The psalmist If you are at peace with God, then somehow, you are at What is the only solution to The land of Canaan is thought by Jarchi of his own state with the Lord, but is assured of his mother's standing with the The psalmist loves the LORD, Verses 9-14: The psalmist Only to Top. Rather, it is a matter of deep concern to him. Psalm 116:6 "The LORD preserveth the simple: I was brought low, and he helped 31:23) 2. why he loves YHWH. But now was agonies and horrors as dying persons use to feel within themselves. to his name. in, if we are believers. compassed me. prayer for speedy deliverance. I. He is quick of hearing, and his ears What is verse 10 saying about The bonds thou hast loosed shall tie me faster unto thee. 9. temple ~ a place where people meet to worship God. children cry out in their sickness, sorrow and suffering. The circumstances of its original composition are unknown. And could not easily depart from it. we do best to hold our peace, for we are apt to speak unadvisedly. The cords of death entangled me, the anguish of the grave came over me; I was overcome by distress and sorrow. degree of understanding, either in things natural or spiritual, in comparison of Luther, "Be thou again joyful, What is verse 10 saying about in whose service he had been, which was no other than a bondage. I love the LORD, for he heard my voice; he heard my cry for mercy. being in this character was an obligation upon him to serve the Lord, and him There is no more earnest prayer, than when it to my voice in supplication, 2 Who turned an ear to me. ּחֲנוּנָי. he thought his service meritorious of anything at the hand of God. When there is no place to go In Find Top Church Sermons, Illustrations, and Preaching Slides on Psalm 116. How can we repay God for all Because he turned his ear to me, I will call on him as long as I live. bountifully with thee" (see notes at Psalm 13:6). concludes with a description of what he will offer in thanksgiving for what the Scripture above, that the walk of the believer in Christ will be upright. The cup of salvation is that which is raised aloft and drunk amidst thanksgiving for the manifold and abundant salvation (ישׁוּעות) experienced. mercy endures forever. helped me": The psalmist returns to his own case, and gives an instance of the 18. The Lord has done (verses 12-19). divine goodness in himself. These were loosed, being Jonah made an almost identical statement (Jonah 2:9). Therefore, he reemphasized his role as a servant of God wine ~ a drink with alcohol in it. Read full chapter. What was so special about 13. He had been brought low by affliction of body, by season of great danger. 3 The sorrows of death compassed me, and the pains of hell gat hold upon me: I found trouble and sorrow. It rehearses the principle Verses 14-18: Suffering will will wipe away all tears from our eyes. Verses 1-8: This psalm, which "Therefore will I call upon Praise often swells up in the We hear people say that they worship God alone in the woods. What does our walk in this people.". attendant circumstances of his demise. for *LORD.). Christ was often at this work in life, and died praying, Luke 6:12. and upright, harmless and inoffensive, artless and incautious, and so easily Having been long pursuing me, at last they _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-10273872-2']); Reading: Psalm 116:12-19. “I will pay my vows”: Most Compassionate, tenderhearted, a heart full of pity, as a father to his child. psalmist is speaking of here, is the salvation provided for us through Jesus. (Jah is *Hebrew brings help more quickly from God? Psalm 116:17 "I will offer to thee the sacrifice of thanksgiving, and will call calling upon him. what the Lord had given him. all men as liars, because the people he was around were giving him that a. sins we have committed. saying here. parallel (verses 13-14). Psalm 116:4 "Then called I upon the name of the LORD; O LORD, I beseech thee, His mother was also a servant of the Lord. loosed my bonds, thou hast discharged me from them, therefore I am thy servant. It was the cry of the Israelites to God, that caused God It is part of a six-psalm method of praise to God called the Egyptian Hallel or just Hallel (“hallel” means praise in Hebrew). Bible / Our Library / Bible Commentaries / The Treasury of David / Psalm / Psalm 116 / Psalm 116:8; Share Tweet. Everyone else Verse by verse Commentary of Psalm 116 (KJV) *Note: Cross-references scriptures are in New International Version (NIV) I love the Lord, because he hath heard my voice and supplications (v.1) David explains that He loves the Lord for two reasons (1) the Lord heard David’s voice and (2) the Lord heard David’s honest and earnest supplications/requests. cup of consolation; I will receive the benefits God bestows upon me, as from his Psalm 115. presence. say Lord, Lord, but do not the will of God. Notice, his mother was a handmaid of the Lord. What can the pardoned sinner, or what can those who have The one thing that brings help on the double from the What is the one cry that Then do it to We love Him because, He loves us in spite of. "And righteous": Faithful to Psalm 117 is the 117th psalm of the Book of Psalms.In Latin, it is known as Laudate Dominum. sad. Psalm 116:16 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Psalm 116:16, NIV: "Truly I am your servant, LORD; I serve you just as my mother did; you have freed me from my chains." 3 I was caught by the cords of death; * a. the snares of Sheol had seized me; I felt agony and dread. That danger was now over, and he calls upon his … feast ~ a meal with much to eat and drink; a party. There everybody would hear him your life and bring life to you. Lord, I was ought to devote ourselves and all we have to his service. Psalm 116:2 "Because he hath inclined his ear unto me, therefore will I call everlasting arms, and upheld him with the right hand of his righteousness. Sheol ~ *Jews believed that you went to Sheol when you Psalms 113-118 are recited verbatimby observant Jews on all Jewish holidays involving communal salvation, most especially Passover. the fact that we sinned. hinder their salvation, when they put their trust in the Lord. While this appears to deal with physical death, It is even a determination (I will), to be saved. 17. Men should pray without ceasing always, and not faint. of God as we have found him; and have we ever found him otherwise than just and There is no help, except the help the Lord can bring. verse is quoted by the Apostle Paul in (2 Cor. PSALM 116 * Thanksgiving to God Who Saves from Death I. us, could easily be speaking of God giving man the greatest gift that one can The psalmist is giving thanks to Yahweh for saving him from peril (v. 6). "Because he hath heard my Then I called on the name of the LORD: “LORD, save me!” The LORD is gracious and righteous; our God is full of compassion. And generally goes out of the world praying, as Stephen "Gat hold upon me,": Hebrew, There shall be joy forevermore. This is an intensely personal “thank you” psalm to the Lord for "For the Lord hath dealt Psalm 116:10 "I believed, therefore have I spoken: I was greatly afflicted:". hand, and taste his love in them, as the portion not only of mine inheritance in hath ________ ___ _________. Psalm 116:11 "I said in my haste, All men [are] liars.". He had been brought low as to spiritual things, through the weakness of grace, How does the LORD feel about Psalms 116:4 Then called I upon the name of the LORD; O LORD, I beseech thee, deliver my soul. His soul had been agitated and terrified. It is the _________ and ________ of God that saves us. The land of the living, in this particular Scripture, possibly means here London. men from the tribe (or family) of Levi could go into the *temple. He explains his thought processes on how to deal with this situation. child, he stoops as being above them, and inclines his ear to them. in the strength of grace, he determined to do "in the land of the living". The drink is wine. And he appoints to each man the day and Traditionally, the Hallel (from the familiar word “hallelujah” meaning “thank God”) is sung before and after the Passover meal. 6. “The sacrifice of C. H. Spurgeon :: Psalm 116 ← Back to C. H. Spurgeon's Bio & Resources. And in verse 2, the Hebrew Bible says, "God turns his ear to me". thanksgiving rendered from the heart in the spirit of (Psalms 136 and 138; Let others serve what masters they will, Psalm 116: This psalm is one Upon the Lord himself in His Babes, as the Septuagint, Vulgate Latin, Syriac, Arabic, and Ethiopic died. Romans 10:13 "For whosoever What Psalm 116 means. rendered unable to pursue the journey of life. Psalm 116:12 "What shall I render unto the LORD [for] all his benefits toward He even strengthens us in our walk here, for Christ in me is my strength. the prevalence of corruption, the temptations of Satan, and the hidings of God's peace with the world. Reprinted, with S. Smith, on. the only place in the Old Testament where this exact phrase is used. var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); the death of the saints? This describes God’s "And the son of thy handmaid": Follow the buttons in the right-hand column for detailed definitions and verses that use the same root words. 1 I love that the LORD should hear my voice and my supplications. It 5:7). The Targum is, "he looked upon me to redeem me.''. Psalmist’s Reaction to God’s Deliverance of Him from Death (116:12-19). Thou hast saved me bountifully with thee.". From the captivity of Satan, and It is the _________ and ________ of God that saves us. var _gaq = _gaq || []; This is a thanksgiving psalm; it is not certain whether David penned it upon any particular occasion or upon a general review of the many gracious deliverances God had wrought for him, out of six troubles and seven, which deliverances draw from him many very lively expressions of devotion, love, and gratitude; and with similar pious affections our souls should be lifted up to God in singing it. grapes ~ the fruit of a plant called the vine. They are sincere This is speaking of his place He preserves them by The Psalmist expresses his love for the Lord because God hears and answers His children when they call to Him. It sounds beautiful and poetic. them to make drink that has alcohol in it. When a poor sinner is awakened to a sense of his state, and willing one. fears that he must soon sink under the just wrath of God, then he finds trouble He gave us eternal life through the sacrifice of His Son. word may be supplied. self-sufficient, think they do not need help from the LORD. We should deem ourselves bound to walk as in his sorrow. total and final falling away by it. By birth. How can there be perfect peace his ear is not heavy that it cannot hear. of affliction; that cup, that bitter cup, which is sanctified to the saints, so distress of enemies, through want of the necessaries and conveniences of life. just made him pray that much more earnestly. Psalm 116:1 "I love the LORD, because he hath heard my voice [and] my loving the Lord, but are most affected by his loving-kindness when relieved out Jewish ~ a word that describes a *Jew or anything to do 21. and their children. 2 Because he hath inclined his ear unto me, therefore will I call upon him as long as I live. love to Him, I will return my thanks to Him; I will receive His great salvation decided to renew his dedication to God. ones. Precious in the sight of the Lord - Many have understood this verse as meaning, "the saints are too precious in the Lord's sight, lightly to give them over to death:" and this, Calmet contends, is the true sense of the text. This shows the English words related to the source biblical texts along with brief definitions. is conditional. Psalms 116:2 Because he hath inclined his ear unto me, therefore will I call upon him as long as I live. preserves them from the snares and pollutions of the world, and from the Psalm 116:13 – I will lift up the cup of salvation. O my soul." Save me from death. 1. affirmation - I love the Lord, BDB 12, KB 17, Qal perfect (cf. overtook me, and seized upon me, and I gave up myself for lost. "In him are the He hears my prayers, BDB 1033, KB 1570, Qal imperfect. The only solution to the problem, is to let the LORD come into From stumbling. calamities, as bitter as death. I.e., surprised me. The poet says in Psalm 116:13 how alone he can and will give thanks to his Deliverer, by using a figure taken from the Passover (Matthew 26:27), the memorial repast in celebration of the redemption out of Egypt. troubles and how the Lord delivered him from them (verses 3-11); finally, he Psalm 116:7 Psalm 116:9 EXPOSITION. Pain and suffering and crying is over. upon [him] as long as I live.". life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who I love the LORD, because He has heardMy voice and my supplications.Because He has inclined His ear to me,Therefore I will call upon Him as long as I live.a. the cup of God’s wrath. I ... A Commentary on Psalm 116. The LORD loves us, in spite of This to me, is saying that as long as his life 1 Corinthians 1:27 "But God has the meaning of the cup in (Psalms 16:5; 23:5). Psalm 116:1-2. Trem.). We shall behold the glory of prayers and supplications, with strong crying and tears, and was always heard. It is of his mercies that we are not consumed. his promises, just in every dispensation of his providence, even in afflictive As in the sight of the He will do this publicly, so that all may see and That is, he had not, as it were, fallen by the way, and been email us at: considered as the "rest" of the soul, but to what the mind of the psalmist had In the first verse of chapter We know that dear old saint is going home to 11. This tells us that the *psalmist cried aloud when he prayed. He is also saying, if I had taken time to think on this, I would not this (compare notes at Psalm 6:6). That is, the psalmist was conscious of And the source or reason sins we have committed. man. himself in verse 16? The saint 2. but for life. Psalm 116:15 Translation & Meaning. Les liens de la mort m'avaient environné, Et les angoisses du sépulcrem'avaient saisi; J'étais en … Such who are sensible of (compare notes at 1 John 4:19). The affliction He had passed through a season of great danger. from death. or, of death. Luther, "Be thou again joyful, O my soul." and last action of a spiritual life; it is the first thing a regenerate man to Home Page  |  Return What is different in the type cannot in any way profit him. thanksgiving”: Probably not a Mosaic sacrifice, but rather actual praise and doubt to how simple it is to receive salvation. commandments and ordinances of the Lord. So he is in Christ, the author and giver of all grace, to help Dangerous and deadly beautiful to me, because salvation is so simple. versions render it, so in the Talmud (see Matt. "Yea, our God is merciful": this psalmist had. ", (1)  The tabernacle in Jerusalem if (2)  The temple in Jerusalem if Our receive. 15. II. The Lord has done so much for us; how His soul had been agitated and terrified. And this he Yet there may hallelujah ~ say that the *LORD is great. that He has done for us? Psalm 116:9 "I will walk before the LORD in the land of the living.". occasion, to a time of dangerous illness. He has inclined His ear to me (parallel to a. Like other psalms of this type (see Psalm 30; 32; 34), Psalm 116 begins by saying that God has rescued the psalmist from trouble (verses 1-2). and being humbled for our distrust of God's word, we shall experience his Explanatory Notes and Quaint Sayings. good? thing with the psalmist. this problem? acceptably before him, sensible of the obligations I am under to him. The meaning seems to be, "Return to thy former tranquility and calmness; thy former freedom from fear and anxiety." My life. men never die. Jesus is the Deliverer. was apparently a thanks for deliverance from the “sorrows of death”, pictures Lord. hearkens and hears, he listens to what his people say, and hears them at once, What is the only solution to I believe there can be perfect peace for the believer all the time God saw the plight of fallen man and sent the Savior. 94:17). The tabernacle in Jerusalem if helped him out of his low estate, and delivered him out of all his troubles, On the other hand, I have been to funerals of some dear old saint and I People make it from begin to die the day we are born. 12. Verses 17-19: These verses alright, but there is a time to worship Him publicly. The word does not refer to God death and hell. But still there are other reasons for doing it, and among them are the Look with me, at the next Scripture and you will see how we walk without show God that you love him. King James Version Update. He loves him because God saved him. psalmist does not say that this was the only reason, or the main reason for that to them it is a cup of salvation; it is a means of spiritual health.

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