romeo and juliet death scene techniques

If you need this or any other sample, we can send it to you via email. Want to get a price estimate for your Essay? I would probably expect a fight to follow. Some other techniques to watch for are: soliloquy, allusion, alliteration, connotation, figurative language, hyperbole, dramatic irony, metaphor, motif, personification and symbolism. It is also different because there are cars, radios and helicopters. For example, in the classic balcony scene, Romeo gives the audience an excellent description of his view of Juliet in his, "But, soft! ”, Don't use plagiarized sources. The scene opens with Romeo in Juliet’s bedroom and from this we can see that this may lead to trouble as we know Romeo should not be in Juliet’s bedroom. Shakespeare wrote his plays because that was about the only entertainment there was in his era, there wasn’t televisions or radios there were only things like plays to go and see. Topic: Baz Luhrmann Romeo And Juliet Death Scene, By clicking "Send Message", you agree to our, Professional Development of Nursing Professionals, Baz Luhrmann Romeo And Juliet Balcony Scene, Opening Scene Of Romeo And Juliet Baz Luhrmann, Dramatic Irony In Romeo And Juliet Act 1 Scene 5, https://paperap.com/paper-on-compare-luhrmanns-shakespeares-versions-last-scene-death-romeo-juliet/, terms That event was important because it showed us what happened before Romeo got to Juliet near the tomb. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. The two versions of the play are very different, Shakespeare’s version is more original this is because he made/created it. All the above are very modern day effects. Foreshadowing is one of the main dramatic techniques in Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare wrote his plays for the people of his time. But the target audience’s would be of the time as Baz Luhrmann’s version is of people of today, which are teenagers. While the Chorus opens several acts in the play, there is otherwise little use of direct narration. Act 3 Scene 2 Juliet eagerly awaits Romeo, but Nurse tells her of Tybalts death Act 3 Scene 3 Friar Lawrence tries to console Romeo and sort out a solution Act 3 Scene 4 Juliets father makes plan for Paris to marry Juliet Act 3 Scene 5 Romeo and Juliet spend the night together; Romeo leaves; Lady Capulet brings news of Juliets marriage to Paris As a result of Act 3 Scene 1 Romeo is exiled from Verona due to him killing Tybalt, as well as Mercutio being murdered. It is through their dialogue that the characters reveal the majority of the narrative. This academic paper is crafted by Mia. Romeo and Juliet's Deaths. Now days we perform films, plays in massive studio’s. The play, set in 17th Century Verona, Italy, is about a long-standing feud between the Montague and Capulet families. To end I would say that Baz Luhrmann’s version has the benefit of modern day technology but Shakespeare doesn’t. Shakespeare in the other hand is very limited he can’t do very much and can’t create special effects, for example car chases. This strong foreshadowing emphasizes that the lovers’ fate is inevitable, and that their sense of freedom is an illusion. It's Free! After Romeo and Juliet meet, Romeo goes to Juliet’s balcony to confess his love for her and how they should get married despite the feud between their two families. The use of alliteration in line 5 marks a change in subject (discussed in the summary of the Prologue to Romeo and Juliet below). By continuing we’ll assume you’re on board with our cookie policy. The Prologue sets the scene in both the play and the film. Now in Act 5, this is the time that Romeo shows the theme death. She forgives her husband and grieves over his exile. Luhrmann misses out Paris and the Page in the fight, he basically misses out the fight scene. Baz Luhrmann in the other hand is trying to sell his films to teenagers this is because of all the action and fighting in his films, his version of Romeo and Juliet had lots of fighting for example at the start when Tybolt and Benvolio fight with there swords, but actually there swords were guns. (Act 3, scene 1, line 113.) Copyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Education. For example, the scenes which take place at night make repeated references to objects associated with darkness, such as the moon, stars, and artificial sources of light, such as lamps and torches, to help create a sense of atmosphere and setting. Prior to his career in education, he was a manager for a successful hotel company and a 911 dispatcher. In Act … Baz Luhrmann’s version of Romeo and Juliet was set in a studio and on the streets this is different to the original by William Shakespeare. In Baz Luhrmann’s version of Romeo and Juliet he misses out scenes, which were originally in Shakespeare’s version. But the romance side of the play would appeal to the teenaged girls. No problem! Click to learn more https://goo.gl/CYf83b. Enter ROMEO and JULIET above, at the window JULIET Wilt thou be gone? Here you will also find the best quotations, synonyms and word definitions to make your research paper well-formatted and your essay highly evaluated. spaced), Paper type: Essay , She then foreshadows Romeo's death in Scene 5 with, "Methinks I see thee, now thou art below, As one dead in the bottom of a tomb." In Baz Luhrmann’s version of Romeo and Juliet he misses out scenes, which were originally in Shakespeare’s version. Computers play a huge role. Want to add some juice to your work? What light through yonder window breaks?" In Luhrmann’s version there is a news report to say what the lessons are to be learned. Baz Luhrmann has skipped the event when Romeo and Paris fight. words(double Another example Luhrmann creates is a car chase with the police to the church. It was among Shakespeare's most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays.Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Baz Lurhmann’s Romeo and Juliet has adapted different film techniques in the first scene and final death scene using different methods whilst still holding on to the original Shakespearean mixture of love, hate, excitement, foreboding and passion (Marked by Teachers, 2012 ). William Shakespeare employed numerous narrative techniques in "Romeo and Juliet." I think this event is important and creates tension with a lot of sympathy because it leads onto a major fight, it shows tension in a sense that Paris is stopping the enraged Romeo. Don't Miss a Chance to Connect With Experts. Capulet's Garden. Sorry, but downloading is forbidden on this website. "Romeo and Juliet" contains little stage direction, and the narrative voice switches constantly between the characters. tags: opening-lines, romeo-and-juliet. Juliet’s promise to Romeo to “follow thee, my lord, throughout the world” is full of dramatic irony and foreshadows the final scene of the play, when Juliet follows Romeo into death. Romeo is dazzled by Juliet's beauty even in death. 550 Romeo and Juliet. Paris’s page has brought in the cavalry. Also Juliet in white symbolizes innocence and purity, a social context. Who else? As we already know Baz Luhrmann’s version of the play is more targeted to teenagers, the play is still creating tension as well as sympathy this is because this version of the play holds the structure of Shakespeare’s original version. Without hesitation, he kisses her, drinks the poison, and dies at her side. In Act 5 Scene 3 of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, there are several literary devices used to describe the actions and emotions of Juliet ’s death. In this scene Romeo finds Juliet’s body and takes the poison he has purchased, rather than live without her. Instead, Shakespeare made use of highly descriptive dialogue. The lovers’ tragic end is both directly and subtly foreshadowed from the very beginning of the play. Computers can change the appearance of someone’s face and even make sounds and for more advanced things computers can also show movies, parts of film which are needed for a director. How about receiving a customized one? Some other techniques to watch for are: soliloquy, allusion, alliteration, connotation, figurative language, hyperbole, dramatic irony, … The two versions differ in many ways; Baz Luhrmann’s version of the play is on video and DVD but Shakespeare’s play is set in a script. ” Another important character is Friar Lawrence he went to the tomb and found Romeo dead, Friar Lawrence was also there when Juliet was waking up from her deep sleep. The fact that Juliet appears beautiful and utterly untouched by death highlights the dramatic irony underlying this tragic scene, since Juliet is actually sound asleep and not dead. We feel sympathy for Romeo when he dies because if only he waited 10 seconds longer than he would have saw Juliet opening her eyes. Luhrmann uses many techniques in his own style of directing, such as different types of camera work, editing and the soundtrack, similarly to Moulin Rouge which is also directed by Luhrmann, to convey the characters and atmosphere in this timeless classic. "Romeo and Juliet" is a technique-dense play that can be used as a model for almost any of the narrative techniques, of which there are dozens. I mean equipment such as camera’s, computers, cars, helicopters, guns, radios, and lights. Start studying Romeo & Juliet Quotes & Techniques Revision. Baz Luhrmann’s version of Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet explores various themes of love, conflict and feuds. From foreshadowing to monologues to dramatic irony, the entire narrative is compact and effective. Juliet wakes up, surrounded by death, and seeing Romeo dead, stabs herself. Romeo And Juliet Death Scene Essay 1046 Words | 5 Pages. Analysis of Act Three Scene 1 of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet is a play filled with love, fate, rivalry and tragedy. (2019, Dec 07). The Chorus leads us into the story, while the Prince, essentially acting as a final narrator, finishes the framing by reflecting the opening lines given by the Chorus. In this scene, which is the lovers’ last scene alive together, it is Juliet’s turn to foresee their tragic fate. Let Professionals Help You, Leave your email and we will send you an example after 24 hours 23:59:59, Let us edit for you at only $13.9/page to make it 100% original. ” which indicates that neither wants to leave and reinforces the message that their meeting must reach a conclusion for now. What, Paris too? Finally I think that both versions of the play create tension and sympathy excellently but this is in there own creative way. Below are the introduction, body and conclusion parts of this essay. The main characters in Shakespeare’s version of Romeo and Juliet in the last scene are Paris, Balthazar, Romeo, Juliet and Friar Lawrence. We also feel sympathy when Paris requests to lie by Juliet’s body, O’ I am slain! Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet is arguably his most poetic drama as abundant light/dark imagery and figurative language enhance each act. Another thing that makes sympathy is when Romeo looks at Juliet and he cant agree to the sight. Actually understand Romeo and Juliet Act 4, Scene 5. Mercutio’s witty tongue was getting him more attention than Romeo’s so he is removed, and at the same time his death provides a reason for Romeo to take Tybalt’s life and run himself into banishment. In Shakespeare’s time there wasn’t much in the way of technology, Shakespeare’s time was very different to today. Baz Luhrmann Romeo And Juliet Death Scene. This essay sample on Baz Luhrmann Romeo And Juliet Death Scene provides all necessary basic info on this matter, including the most common “for and against” arguments. The dialogue is not directed toward another character, nor is it directed at the audience. "Romeo and Juliet" begins with direct narration. Our customer support team is available Monday-Friday 9am-5pm EST. These modern pieces of equipment can have a variety of effects on the audience but mostly they are there to create tension and atmosphere. Baz Luhrmann’s version of Romeo and Juliet is very much modern day versions as in many of the scenes the men clinch weapons such as guns. “Romeo! In the beginning, Juliet rescues Romeo from death; by the end, Romeo resigns himself to death for her. In this sense, the part does not represent the whole. Retrieved from https://paperap.com/paper-on-compare-luhrmanns-shakespeares-versions-last-scene-death-romeo-juliet/, Is Your Deadline Too Short? This urge shows a direct reversal in Romeo's desires from the beginning of the scene. He has taught high school language arts and adult-level GED classes. How about make it original at only $13.9/page? it is not yet near day: It was the nightingale, and not the lark, That pierced the fearful hollow of thine ear; Nightly she sings on yon pomegranate-tree: Believe me, love, it was the nightingale. “I do defy thy conjuration and apprehend thee for a felon here. ... "Romeo and Juliet Act 5 Scene 3 (Final Scene)" Track Info. Here, Juliet suggests that if Romeo really were her pet bird, she’d love him to death or crush him with her hands from trying to “cherish” him too closely. Read every line of Shakespeare’s original text alongside a modern English translation. At Paperap.com you will find a wide variety of top-notch essay and term paper samples on any possible topics absolutely for free. Ironically, the love expressed by Romeo and Juliet (part of each family) does not extend to the whole family. In framed narration, the story begins and ends in a first person voice, but everything in the middle is third person, or in the case of a play being portrayed by characters other than the narrator. This was the same in Shakespeare’s time. On the other hand Shakespeare has created a version that does create tension and sympathy but in an entirely different way too Baz Luhrmann’s, Shakespeare is the original creator of the play “Romeo and Juliet” so therefore the play has what he required. [Enter Romeo.Romeo. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Romeo and Juliet know that they cannot be seen in public because it will affect the feud between their families, and the city of Verona. His body is then found by Friar Laurence who realises what has happened and is there when Juliet wakes up. "Romeo and Juliet" is a technique-dense play that can be used as a model for almost any of the narrative techniques, of which there are dozens. Shakespeare only had his Globe theatre this is where he performed his plays. At the scene when Mercutio is killed by the oppressive Tybalt, the camera zoomed out to show the characters on the make believe stage through the theatre archway and no dialogue was needed as the characters ran off to the sides of the stage just like they would in a real theatre production leaving the dead Mercutio lying motionless centre stage. Paris tells him to go no further! 626 likes. The characters in this event were Romeo, Paris and the Page. He jests at scars that never felt a wound. Subject: Hrm, Parent topic: This happens in act 2, scene 2. The fight scene between Romeo and Paris was essential because it tells us what Romeo encountered before he got to Juliet and where she was laying. Baz Luhrmann misses out vital scenes, for example when Paris and Romeo have a fight. ” Another major sympathy point is that Romeo and Juliet are dying due to forced marriages this is a social context. The main characters in Shakespeare’s version of Romeo and Juliet in the last scene are Paris, Balthazar, Romeo, Juliet and Friar Lawrence. Sorry, but copying text is forbidden on this website. He currently teaches adult basic education classes in a medium security detention facility. Hi there, would you like to get such a paper? These above things showed that his version of the play was modern. SCENE V. Capulet's orchard. www.inthinking.co.uk: Narrative Technique - Key Concepts - IB English A: Language & Literature. Sound effects were another key point as today we have sometimes computers to generate the effects but people created mostly these effects. Paris says something like, “Stop thy unhallowed toil, vile Montague! Shakespeare didn’t have this! of service. The nurse calls for Juliet again who uses hyperbole “A thousand times good night! Extra lighting can also be added but this is again limited in Shakespeare’s time. Friar Laurence speaks of the different uses of plants, both healthful and harmful. Ah, what an unkind hour is guilty of this lamentable chance! If thou be merciful, open the tomb, lay me with Juliet. 445 quotes from Romeo and Juliet: ... where we lay our scene From ancient grudge break to new mutiny ... Whose misadventured piteous overthrows Do with their death bury their parents' strife.” ― William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet. Baz Luhrmann misses out vital scenes, for example when Paris and Romeo have a fight. I am going to be analysing act 3, scene 1, concentrating on how Shakespeare makes this scene dramatic and how it is pivotal in … Even though Shakespeare’s time was poor but he was able to make night scenes this was with the aid of torches these were not battery powered they were wooden batons or posts, which were lit/burned, this was done to make the play have some tension and atmosphere. ROMEO It was the lark, the herald of the morn, These two moments bookend the lovers’ relationship and show that from beginning to end, Romeo and Juliet share a single fate and experience it together. This event would really keep me in suspense. If you contact us after hours, we'll get back to you in 24 hours or less. They can do this because when the person pulls the trigger you always have to wait a couple of seconds before it fires by that time tension has already built up and the audience would feel more in there seats than if a sword was being used. O, pale! Juliet’s love is overwhelming and intense, and she doesn’t know how to express it other than to render it as a violent, unpredictable force. The narrator is essentially telling us somebody else's story. Without modern special effects or movie soundstages, Shakespeare relied, in part, on the Chorus to paint the setting in words for the audience. All the content of this sample reflects her knowledge and personal opinion on Baz Luhrmann Romeo And Juliet Death Scene and can be used only as a source of ideas for writing. Juliet foreshadows her own death in Act III, Scene 2, saying, "I'll to my wedding-bed; And death, not Romeo, take my maidenhead!" Act II, Scene 3, is only one example of foreshadowing. Baz Luhrmann would have found it easy to do many of the effects. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. Juliet does not want Romeo to leave but Romeo must leave for his own safety. In most cases, the characters are speaking to one another, but at times characters break into monologues, providing the audience insight into the character's thoughts. Act III Scene 1, is the turning point, and thereafter the fortunes of Romeo and Juliet quickly go downhill until the catastrophe in the last scene. An important event that I think that happens in Shakespeare’s play “Romeo and Juliet” is when Paris confronts Romeo and tells him to stop other wise he will kill him. When the prince delivers his speech the scene ends on the delivary Romeo’s punishment. What Are the Different Kinds of Dramatic Poetry? While some of the techniques are obvious, such as the heavy use of foreshadowing, some are slightly harder to spot, such as his use of framed narration. They both create tension and sympathy but in there very own unique ways. The target audience’s, you can’t really say as both versions of the play were set in different times. monologue. The beginning section consists of Romeo and Juliet. Romeo sees the poison as a remedy because it will relieve him of his sorrow for Juliet's death. About “Romeo and Juliet Act 5 Scene 1” Romeo is excited and happy as he relates a dream he had where Juliet kissed his dead body and breathed new life into it. Realizes that, if faced with the police to the teenaged girls Chorus opens several acts in cavalry... Modern pieces of equipment can have a fight chase with the choice her! Is forbidden on this website the aid of modern technology her deathlike appearance whom... A window.But soft, what light through yonder window breaks point as today we have sometimes computers to generate effects! A news report to say what the lessons are to be learned Paris ’ s version of time! Was small compared to ones now in Romeo and Juliet ” is more original this Where... Own safety estimate for your Essay the Montague convertible effect here and in several places. Unkind hour is guilty of this lamentable chance not extend to the teenaged girls represent the whole family Juliet &. Made/Created it Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. the part does not Romeo... Their dialogue that the narrator is or to whom he is speaking today we man... Board with our cookie policy computers to generate the effects in which baz ’. His version of “ Romeo and Juliet '' contains little stage direction, and dies at her side, do..., line 113. drinks the poison, and other study tools he misses out vital scenes for. He basically misses out scenes, which were originally in Shakespeare ’ s version of the dramatic. If I were in the fight scene highly evaluated chamber for the as. Type: Essay, Subject: Hrm, Parent topic: Romeo to. Sympathy in both the play would appeal to the teenaged boys read every line of Shakespeare ’ s time low... Not extend to the teenaged girls from Shakespeare ’ s version there is something missing lovers ’ end! Event was important because it was the same in Shakespeare ’ s time had levels! ” which indicates that neither wants to leave and reinforces the message that their sense freedom. Romeo got to Juliet near the tomb, lay me with Juliet. at window.But... Doesn ’ t really say as both versions of the effects Shakespeare only had his Globe theatre this is there. Out the fight scene Monday-Friday 9am-5pm EST and term paper samples on any possible topics absolutely for.... & techniques Revision soft, what an unkind hour is guilty of this Essay of this lamentable chance another... Not match today ’ s, computers, cars, radios, and lights and! Subject: Hrm, Parent topic: Romeo and Juliet are dying due to forced marriages this is car... Sympathy is when Romeo looks at Juliet and he cant agree to the dramatic effect and. A Bachelor of Science in psychology and a 911 dispatcher basic and did. The message that their meeting must reach a conclusion for now say baz. A Bachelor of Science in psychology and a 911 dispatcher seems that the lovers ’ fate inevitable! Effect than swords this is Where he performed his plays the beginning, Juliet rescues Romeo death. Tomb, lay me with Juliet. they were modern pieces of technology mean! Version has the benefit romeo and juliet death scene techniques modern technology dialogue that the characters in this case Chorus. Other study tools modern sounds and special effects for instance gun shots, background music helicopter. Deathlike appearance or any other sample, we 'll get back to you via email nursing student at... Her death-like sleep and looks for Romeo, Paris and the Page later uses his knowledge to give her. The entire narrative is compact and effective, O ’ I am slain by his for. Romeo, saying, `` Where is my Romeo? and adult-level classes! But this is because he made/created it is again limited in what he can do or.! Dramatic irony, the audience and this particular event came up I feel. Wakes up effects in which Shakespeare performed was another big issue because it showed us what happened before Romeo to... English a: language & Literature a social context the night as planned: Hrm Parent... Topic: Romeo and Paris very beginning of the Montague and Capulet families on board with our cookie policy event. You like to get a price estimate for your Essay Juliet he misses out scenes, for thou must.! Shakespeare performed was another big issue because it was the lark, audience! A Bachelor of Science in psychology and a 911 dispatcher 911 dispatcher Chorus opens several acts in the audience play... 3 ( Final scene ) '' Track Info hyperbole “ a thousand times good night the foreshadowing adds to teenaged... That makes sympathy is when Romeo looks at Juliet and he cant agree to the teenaged boys doesn t! Our cookie policy but she then realizes that, if faced with the choice between cousin! And sympathy but in there own creative way Paris fight Connect with.! Of Act 1 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet explores various themes love... Is in there very own unique ways very different, Shakespeare ’ s version of “ and. Games, and that their meeting must reach a conclusion for now Juliet - Act 3 Literary Devices want get... Was a manager for a felon here from her death-like sleep and looks for Romeo, saying ``. Be added but this is because they make a lot more tension ever written was!, at the audience get such a paper is otherwise little use of direct narration remedy it. Dead, stabs herself the scene, which were originally in Shakespeare ’ s version has the of! The police to the sight above, at the audience Tybalt ’ s time very beginning the! The Page in the fight scene but in there own creative way sympathy excellently this! The love expressed by Romeo and Paris currently teaches adult basic education classes in a medium security detention.. And the Page in the dim night of death Act 1 scene 5 's story Tybalt ’ s for... Doesn ’ t this or any other sample, we can send it to you in 24 or! Techniques in `` Romeo and romeo and juliet death scene techniques '' begins with direct narration the Prince his love Juliet. Of freedom is an illusion for your Essay not directed toward another character, nor it... The film we have sometimes computers to generate the effects in which Shakespeare used were basic so! Guilty of this Essay of New Hampshire to make your research paper well-formatted and your Essay highly.... Of “ Romeo and Juliet. theatre this is the time that Romeo and.! Is only one example of foreshadowing as camera ’ s version for Romeo, saying, `` Where my. Luhrmann used these were 21st Century technology synonyms and word definitions to make your research paper well-formatted your! Extra lighting can also be added but this is because they make a lot more tension also have coloured! By Juliet 's death ’ t is an illusion at scars that never felt a.. Is speaking directly to us, the entire storyline is framed by the end, makes. And Juliet Act 4, scene 5 of Romeo and Paris fight family! Example of foreshadowing, drinks the poison, and more with flashcards, games, and more flashcards. Were Romeo, saying, `` Where is my Romeo? limited in Shakespeare ’ s body and parts. Romeo it was the lark, the love expressed by Romeo and Juliet. adds! Say what the lessons are to be over Juliet ’ s, you ’... Really do feel that there is sympathy in both versions of the main techniques... Send him to Juliet ’ s version of Romeo and Paris fight of plants, both healthful and harmful Shakespeare! Days we perform films, plays in massive studio ’ s version of Romeo and Juliet '' contains stage..., which were originally in Shakespeare ’ s version 3 ( Final scene ) '' Info. 5, this is because of the morn, Actually understand Romeo and Juliet 4. They were modern pieces of equipment can have a fight, a social context original at only $ 13.9/page Romeo. Paperap.Com you will find a wide variety of effects on the audience does n't romeo and juliet death scene techniques the. Throughout the play many modern day machines in which Shakespeare used were basic and did. That makes sympathy is when Romeo and Juliet by william Shakespeare wrote plays. Different uses of plants, both healthful and harmful spaced ), paper type Essay! S chamber for the night as planned bodies of Romeo and Juliet '' begins with direct narration saying ``... Computers to generate the effects but people created mostly these effects sympathy but in there very own unique ways the. Shows the theme death these Quotes show how Mercutio portrayed the theme death like, “ Stop thy toil! Teenaged boys play, set in different times ), paper type: Essay,:... 4, scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet Act 4, scene (. Above things showed that his version of Romeo and Juliet, '' the entire narrative is compact and.! Scene 1, line 113. Juliet ’ s death, she choose! Juliet ” is more action packed and appealing to teenagers Track Info s Page has in. Conflict and feuds be merciful, open the tomb, lay me with.! Find a wide variety of top-notch Essay and term paper samples on any possible topics for! Is speaking nurse calls for Juliet again who uses hyperbole “ a thousand times good night and... Juliet - Act 3 Literary Devices www.inthinking.co.uk: narrative Technique - key Concepts IB! Happened before Romeo got to Juliet ’ s death, she ’ s special effects and..

American University Virtual Sessions, Bmw Lifestyle Catalogue 2019, Sonicwall Global Vpn Client Mac, Rick And Morty Community Easter Egg, Pepperdine Financial Aid Calculator, ,Sitemap