inequality and poverty in south africa

Low growth and rising unemployment have contributed to the persistence of inequality. Moloi and Chetty, 2011. Half of all South Africans continue to live in poverty, economic growth has stagnated and inflation remains high, while the unemployment rate continues to climb towards 30%. Historically, poverty and inequality were forged by forms of racial subordination and discrimination shaped successively by slavery, by colonial settlement and conquest, and by a mining-based industrial revolution in the last quarter of the 19th century. Dealing with inequality and structural poverty in South Africa is a complex social and economic challenge, for which there are no silver bullets. Wage inequality, deeply rooted in South Africa‟s history, plays a central role, and patterns of human capital development are fundamental to the future growth path and thereby to poverty and inequality. Thus, as women in South Africa perform these jobs more often than men it can be said that inequality exists in terms of gender. Let’s take a look at   read more », According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), around 60% of the global population, or 4,5 billion people, either have no toilet at home or one that doesn’t safely manage excreta. The Quarterly Employment Survey (QES) reported that formal sector jobs rose by 18 000 in   read more », South Africa is known as one of the most unequal countries in the world, reporting a per-capita expenditure Gini coefficient of 0,67 in 2006, dropping to 0,65 in 2015. Inequality manifests itself through a skewed income distribution, unequal access to opportunities, and regional disparities. iv Overcoming Poverty and Inequality in South Africa i. This paper is based on an earlier version presented in Shanghai in November 2017 at a conference entitled: “No one left behind: Tackling poverty and inequality in Asia and around the world under the 2030 Agenda”. PDF | On Jan 1, 2002, Ingrid Woolard published An overview of poverty and inequality in South Africa | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate South Africa is reputed to have the highest wealth inequality and poverty rates in the world. If anything, the "Rainbow Nation" is … South Africa Labour and Development Research unit (SALDRU). Mining, manufacturing, building, electricity, liquidations. South Africa is of particular interest given its history of racial estates which has entrenched high levels of poverty, structural inequality and structural unemployment. The PII aims to raise the profile of the work by research groupings housed within and across faculties, and to generate new research and cross-disciplinary collaborations on key issues around poverty and inequality. Nearly 2.3 million South Africans escaped poverty between 2006 and 2015. Working Paper Number 64 (2011) Google Scholar. Retail, wholesale, motor, food & beverages, tourist accommodation, Structural industry statistics (large sample surveys of industries, Population Statistics (Census and Community Survey), Labour Statistics- Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS), Tourism Statistics (Domestic Tourism Survey), Crime and Safety Statistics (Victims of Crime Survey), Service Delivery Statistics (General Household Survey), Transport Statistics (National Travel Survey), Archive by category "Poverty and Inequality". According to a new report released by Statistics South Africa, Child poverty in South Africa: A Multiple Overlapping Deprivation Analysis, more than 6 out of 10 (62,1%) children aged 0–17 years   read more », New employment figures released by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) showed that South Africa’s formal non-agricultural sector added 16 000 jobs in the fourth quarter of 2019, bringing the total number of persons employed in the formal non-agricultural sector to 10,2 million. With poverty in South Africa affecting more than half of the population via widespread food insecurity (and related malnutrition) and unemployment rate around 25-30%, it makes it particularly difficult for local populations to afford any medication at all, even less a costly therapy. South Africa is known as one of the most unequal countries in the world, reporting a per-capita expenditure Gini coefficient of 0,67 in 2006, dropping to 0,65 in 2015. Last Updated: Oct 10, 2019 A Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) for 2014-2017, was discussed by the World Bank Group (WBG) Board in November 2013 and has been extended for a further year. The study documents the progress South Africa has made in reducing poverty and inequality since the end of apartheid in 1994, with a focus on the period between 2006 and 2015. Despite significant poverty reduction in South Africa between the end of apartheid in 1994 and 2011, at least 2.5 million more South Africans have fallen into poverty since 2011, the report found. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. read more », The Living Conditions Survey (LCS) is part of Stats SA’s household survey programme and provides detailed information on households’ living circumstances, as well as their income and expenditure patterns. The extreme inequality evident in South Africa means that one sees destitution, hunger and Of course, as usual the resources are not evenly distributed between regions, countries and within local populations. On the other hand, it has one of the most progressive constitutions in the world, with a bill of rights that foregrounds expanded socioeconomic rights. Statistics South Africa to release the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 3rd Quarter 2020, The shifting nature of South Africa’s landscape: a 24-year snapshot of land cover change, Housebreaking still number one crime in SA. The countries are separated into resource-rich and -poor and into coastal and landlocked ones. DfID – Inequality in Middle Income Countries: South Africa Case 3 in Woolard, 2002). Emphasis has been placed on improving the lives of citizens by targeting poverty, inequality and unemployment. David Francis http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9308, Registered in England & Wales No. 3099067 AN OVERVIEW OF POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA Working Paper prepared for DFID (SA), July 2002 Dr Ingrid Woolard 1 Contact details: iwoolard@iafrica.com Summary South Africa is an upper-middle income country, but is a country of stark contrasts. Kindly participate in this short survey and provide your details. Poverty and inequality trends 11 C. Profile of the poor 12 D. Challenges of income inequality 12 E. Income mobility, chronic poverty and economic vulnerability 13 F. Non-income dimension of poverty … The South African Multidimensional Poverty Index 28 v. This is according to the Inequality Trends in South Africa report released by Stats SA. According to a new study by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), South Africa has the highest recorded level of income inequality in the world. To commemorate World Toilet Day, which is celebrated on 19 November, the focus will be on improving access   read more ». As such, this article is organised as follows. We present a definition of power that includes social and market power, and emphasise the importance of a theory of power in understanding the reproduction of inequality. redistribution. UCT has a long tradition of basic and applied inter-disciplinary research projects that address and respond to specific challenges posed by poverty and inequality in South Africa. This brings the total number of persons employed in the formal non-agricultural sector in South Africa to 10,2 million. Food security and malnutrition 24 iv. M. Leibbrandt, E. Wegner, A. FinnThe policies for reducing income inequality and poverty in South Africa. Consumer price index (CPI), Producer price index (PPI), Government finance: national and provincial government, Supply and use tables, Satellite accounts, Regional GDP, Gross domestic product (GDP), expenditure. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. In South Africa there has been a rich debate around the impact of economic growth on poverty and inequality in the post-1994 era. On the other hand, it has one of the most progressive constitutions in the world, with a bill of rights that foregrounds expanded socioeconomic rights. The reasons for these low numbers in rural Africa are many and very much linked to poverty and other inequalities and socioeconomic conditions. How Inequality and Poverty Undermined South Africa's COVID Response By Reuters , Wire Service Content July 31, 2020 By Reuters , Wire Service Content July 31, 2020, at 7:13 a.m. Bhorat (2003a) estimates that in 1999, 32% of households in South Africa were below a poverty line of US$251 per month per household (1995 prices), equivalent to US$81 per month per individual. Thus far, we have been hamstrung within this debate by the lack of recent data. "South Africa is really facing the triple challenge of poverty, unemployment and inequality," says the former head of the African Union, Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, about the report. The conference and development of the paper was funded by the Freidrich-Ebert-Stiftung in Shanghai. Therefore the conclusion is that substantially reducing inequality is now Stats SA is in the process of updating its database of all users. We use cookies to improve your website experience. During this period, the poverty rate (using the national lower-bound poverty line of ZAR 758 per person per month - April 2017 prices), fell from 51 percent to 40 percent (World Bank, 2018. 6.1. Not only does South Africa lag its peers on level of inequality and poverty, it lags on the inclusiveness of consumption growth. The results indicate that the number of employed persons decreased by 2,2 million to 14,1 million in the 2nd quarter   read more », According to the Quarterly employment statistics (QES) survey released by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) the formal non-agricultural sector shed 3 000 jobs in the first quarter of 2020. According to the Quarterly employment statistics (QES) survey released by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), the formal non-agricultural sector shed 648 000 jobs in the second quarter of 2020. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email, Poverty and inequality in South Africa: critical reflections, Southern Centre for Inequality Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, /doi/full/10.1080/0376835X.2019.1666703?needAccess=true. All details will be kept confidential and is for the use of Stats SA only. Read more on our upcoming and past events Inequality results in deeply entrenched social and economic exclusions that inhibit sustainable human development and self-actualisation. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. South Africa suffers among the highest levels of inequality in the world when measured by the commonly used Gini index. In South Africa caring jobs such as nursing and teaching are undervalued and underpaid. South Africa has long been known as one of the most unequal societies in the world. According to the report, formal sector jobs rose   read more », In 2015, the South African population was estimated at 55 million people, of which 19,7 million were children aged less than 18 years (0–17). According to the report, formal sector jobs decreased   read more », The South African economy shed 2,2 million jobs in the second quarter of 2020, according to the latest Quarterly Labour Force Survey Quarter 2: 2020 results, released by Statistics South Africa on 29 September 2020. In the 1990s, South Africa’s Gini coefficient–a measure that reflects inequality, where zero is absolute equality and one is absolute inequality–was, at 0.66, the highest in all … Methodology for measuring poverty in South Africa 10 B. Despite 25 years of democracy, South Africa remains the most economically unequal country in the world, according to the World Bank. So poverty in Africa is paradoxical: the continent is made of 54 countries of low population density and rich in natural resources. Access to basic services and utilities 20 ii. Housing conditions, access to education, health, and assets 22 iii. Part 1: The nature of the poverty in South Africa 10 A. Specifically, the authors analyse the complexity of poverty and inequality beyond an over-determination of the economic and the wealth index in South Africa. While progress has been uneven across the country, a quick glance at service delivery statistics suggests that household access to these services have stabilised over the last few years. South Africa is a paradox; on the one hand, it is one of the most unequal countries in the world. The widening gap between the haves and have-nots impacts poverty profoundly: poverty is driven by inequality and cannot be addressed without resolving the root causes of inequality. Contemporary South Africa exhibits widespread and persistent poverty and an extraordinarily high level of inequality. 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